source: trunk/doc/reglookup.1.docbook @ 180

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<refentry id='reglookup.1'>
  <!--  $Id: reglookup.1.docbook 177 2010-03-09 03:10:26Z tim $ -->
  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>reglookup</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
    <refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">File Conversion Utilities</refmiscinfo>
  </refmeta>
  <refnamediv id='name'>
    <refname>reglookup</refname>
    <refpurpose>Windows NT+ registry reader/lookup tool</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsect1 id='synopsis'>
    <title>SYNOPSIS</title>
    <para>
      <command>
        reglookup [options] <replaceable>registry-file</replaceable>
      </command> 
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='description'>
    <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
    <para>
        reglookup is designed to read windows registry elements and
        print them out to stdout in a CSV-like format.  It has filtering
        options to narrow the focus of the output.  This tool is
        designed to work with on Windows NT-based registries.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='options'>
    <title>OPTIONS</title>
    <para>
      <command>reglookup</command> accepts the following parameters:
    </para>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-p <replaceable>prefix-filter</replaceable></option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Specify a path prefix filter.  Only keys/values under
            this registry path will be output.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-t <replaceable>type-filter</replaceable></option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Specify a type filter.  Only elements which match this
            registry data type will be printed.  Acceptable values
            are:
            <command>
              NONE, SZ, EXPAND_SZ, BINARY, DWORD, DWORD_BE,
              LINK, MULTI_SZ, RSRC_LIST, RSRC_DESC, RSRC_REQ_LIST, QWORD
            </command>
            and
            <command>
              KEY
            </command>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-h</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Enables the printing of a column header row. (default)
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
    
    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-i</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Printed values inherit the timestamp of their parent key, which is
            printed along with them.  Note that this timestamp is not
            necessarily meaningful for any given value values because timestamps
            are saved on keys only and you cannot tell which value has been
            modified since a change to any value of a given key would update the
            time stamp.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-H</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Disables the printing of a column header row.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-s</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Adds five additional columns to output containing 
            information from key security descriptors and rarely used
            fields.  The columns are: owner, group, sacl, dacl, class.
            (This feature's output has not been extensively tested.)
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-S</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Disables the printing of security descriptor
            information. (default)
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option>-v</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Verbose output.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <variablelist remap='IP'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>
          <option><replaceable>registry-file</replaceable></option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Required argument.  Specifies the location of the
            registry file to read.  The system registry files should be
            found under:
            <command>%SystemRoot%/system32/config</command>.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='output'>
    <title>OUTPUT</title>
    <para>
      <!-- XXX: this should be a bit more formal -->
      <command>reglookup</command> generates comma-separated values (CSV) 
      and writes them to stdout.  The format is designed to simplify parsing 
      algorithms of other tools by quoting CSV special characters using a 
      common hexadecimal format.  Specifically, special characters or non-ascii 
      bytes are converted to "\xQQ" where QQ is the hexadecimal value for 
      the byte.
    </para>
    <para>
      The number of columns or fields in each line is fixed for a given run 
      of the program, but may vary based on the command line options provided.
      See the header line for information on which fields are available and 
      what they contain.
    </para>
    <para>
      Some fields in some lines may contain sub-fields which require additional
      delimiters.  If these sub-delimiters occur in these sub-fields, they are 
      also encoded in the same way as commas or other special characters are.  
      Currently, the second, third, and fourth level delimiters are "|", ":", 
      and " ", respectively.  These are particularly important to take note of 
      when security attributes are printed.  Please note that these delimiters
      may occur in fields that are not sub-delimited, and should not be 
      interpreted as special.
    </para>
    <para>
      Security attributes of registry keys have a complex structure which is 
      outlined here.  Each key will generally have an associated ACL (Access 
      Control List), which is made up of ACEs (Access Control Entries).  Each 
      ACE is delimited by the secondary delimiter mentioned above, "|".  The 
      fields within an ACE are delimited by the third-level delimiter, ":", 
      and consist of a SID, the ACE type (ALLOW, DENY, etc), a list of access 
      rights, and a list of flags.  The last two fields are delimited by the 
      fourth-level delimiter " ".  These final lists are simply human-readable 
      interpretations of bits.  The access rights abbreviations are listed 
      below along with their Microsoft-assigned names:
      <screen>
      QRY_VAL           KEY_QUERY_VALUE
      SET_VAL           KEY_SET_VALUE
      CREATE_KEY        KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY
      ENUM_KEYS         KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS
      NOTIFY            KEY_NOTIFY
      CREATE_LNK        KEY_CREATE_LINK
      WOW64_64          KEY_WOW64_64KEY
      WOW64_32          KEY_WOW64_32KEY
      DELETE            DELETE
      R_CONT            READ_CONTROL
      W_DAC             WRITE_DAC
      W_OWNER           WRITE_OWNER
      SYNC              SYNCHRONIZE
      SYS_SEC           ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY
      MAX_ALLWD         MAXIMUM_ALLOWED
      GEN_A             GENERIC_ALL
      GEN_X             GENERIC_EXECUTE
      GEN_W             GENERIC_WRITE
      GEN_R             GENERIC_READ
      </screen>

      And the meaning of each flag is:
      <screen>
      OI        Object Inherit
      CI        Container Inherit
      NP        Non-Propagate
      IO        Inherit Only
      IA        Inherited ACE
      </screen>

      Please see the following references for more information:
      <screen>
        http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/ms724878.aspx
        http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/aa374892.aspx
        http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa772242.aspx
        http://support.microsoft.com/kb/220167
      </screen>
    </para>
    <para>
      Note that some of the bits listed above have either not been allocated by 
      Microsoft, or simply aren't documented.  If any bits are set in the above 
      two fields that aren't recognized, a hexidecimal representation of all of 
      these mystery bits will be included in the output.  For instance, if the 
      lowest bit and third lowest bit were not recognized while being set, 
      the number "0x5" would be included as an element in the list.
    </para>
    <para>
      While the ACL/ACE output format is mostly stable at this point, minor 
      changes may be introduced in future versions.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='examples'>
    <title>EXAMPLES</title>
    <para>
      To read and print the contents of an entire system registry
      file: 
    </para>
    <para>
      <screen>
        reglookup /mnt/win/c/WINNT/system32/config/system
      </screen>
    </para>
    <para>
      To limit the output to just those entries under the Services
      key: 
    </para>
    <para>
      <screen>
        reglookup -p /ControlSet002/Services /mnt/win/c/WINNT/system32/config/system
      </screen>
    </para>
    <para>
      To limit the output to all registry values of type BINARY:
    </para>
    <para>
      <screen>
        reglookup -t BINARY /mnt/win/c/WINNT/system32/config/system
      </screen>
    </para>
    <para>
      And to limit the output to BINARY values under the Services key:
    </para>
    <para>
      <screen>
        reglookup -t BINARY -p /ControlSet002/Services /mnt/win/c/WINNT/system32/config/system
      </screen>
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='bugs'>
    <title>BUGS</title>
    <para>
      This program has been smoke-tested against most current Windows target 
      platforms, but a comprehensive test suite has not yet been developed.
      (Please report results to the development mailing list if you encounter
       any bugs.  Sample registry files and/or patches are greatly appreciated.)
    </para>
    <para>
      The SID conversions haven't been carefully checked for accuracy.
    </para>
    <para>
      The MTIME conversions appear correctly produce the stored UTC timestamp.
      However, due to the periodicity of registry writes, and the complexity
      of the conversion, a small amount of error (on the order of seconds) may
      be possible.  The documentation available online from Microsoft on 
      this field is very poor.
    </para>
    <para>
      Backslashes are currently considered special characters, to make 
      parsing easier for automated tools.  However, this causes paths 
      to be difficult to read by mere mortals.
    </para>
    <para>
      For more information on registry format details, see:
        http://sentinelchicken.com/research/registry_format/
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='credits'>
    <title>CREDITS</title>
    <para>
      This program was initially based on editreg.c by 
      Richard Sharpe.  It has since been rewritten to use a modified
      version the regfio library written by Gerald Carter.  Heavy
      modifications to the library and the original command line
      interface have been done by Timothy D. Morgan.
    </para>
    <para>
      Please see source code for a full list of copyrights.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='license'>
    <title>LICENSE</title>
    <para>
      Please see the file "LICENSE" included with this software
      distribution.
    </para>
    <para>      
      This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
      but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
      MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
      GNU General Public License version 3 for more details.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id='seealso'>
    <title>SEE ALSO</title>
    <para>
      reglookup-timeline(1) reglookup-recover(1)
    </para>
  </refsect1>
</refentry>